SS-31

SS-31, also designated elamipretide, is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide (D-Arg-2′6′-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂) engineered for selective concentration within the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it binds cardiolipin — a phospholipid exclusively found at that location and essential for maintaining cristae architecture and electron transport chain (ETC) integrity. Its primary mechanism involves reduction of cardiolipin peroxidation, stabilization of cytochrome c in its electron-carrying form, and normalization of inner membrane curvature, resulting in improved ETC supercomplex assembly and enhanced ATP production. Preclinical studies have demonstrated efficacy in models of heart failure, acute kidney injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, neurodegeneration, and sarcopenia, with SS-31 currently in active clinical trials for mitochondrial myopathy and heart failure. Supplied as lyophilized powder, ≥99% purity. Store at -20°C. Research use only. Not for human consumption.